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2018年太原中考英語詞語運(yùn)用專項訓(xùn)練

詞語運(yùn)用是一個得分率低、具有區(qū)分度的題型，做詞語運(yùn)用的時候，要注意以下幾點(diǎn)：??

一、明確詞義，分類備詞

拿到題目后，不要急于看文章，首先研究方框中所給的備選詞匯，判斷各個單詞的詞性，并且進(jìn)行歸類。

二、借助線索，初步歸位

通讀全文，結(jié)合所學(xué)語法知識及上下文語境初步選擇符合文意的詞，針對相關(guān)的語法知識，考生可以從以下幾個方面著手：

? 1.如果空格后是謂語動詞，且句子的其他內(nèi)容完整，則該空格應(yīng)考慮使用名詞、人稱代詞、名詞性物主代詞、非謂語動詞(謂語動詞是單三形式時);

? 2.如果空格前是句子主語，空格后是賓語，此處應(yīng)考慮動詞，構(gòu)成主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)；

? 3.如果空格后是名詞，空格前有限定詞，則此處應(yīng)該填形容詞或形容詞性物主代詞；

? 4.空格前如果有表示程度的副詞a little，a bit，a lot，much，even，still，far，rather等或空格后有than時，空格處應(yīng)考慮用形容詞或副詞的比較級。

? 5.如果空格前是一般動詞，則考慮空格處填寫副詞，同時要注意如果空格前是系動詞、感官動詞或be動詞，則需要填形容詞，構(gòu)成主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，此類系動詞有become，turn，get，sound，feel等。

三、瞻前顧后，調(diào)整形式

經(jīng)過初步歸位后，我們還需要根據(jù)語境確定句意，根據(jù)語法調(diào)整詞匯的適當(dāng)形式，針對形式，考生可以從以下幾點(diǎn)進(jìn)行考慮：

? 1.名詞重點(diǎn)注意名詞的復(fù)數(shù)，其次也要注意名詞的所有格及名詞變形容詞；

? 2.動詞需要注意其單三形式、過去式、過去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞，同時要熟悉每種時態(tài)及語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)，尤其是現(xiàn)在完成時、一般過去時及一般過去時的被動語態(tài)；

? 3.形容詞要注意其副詞形式、比較級和最高級，同時要考慮其變?yōu)槊~的形式；

? 4.代詞需注意代詞的主格、賓格、形容詞性物主代詞、名詞性物主代詞及反身代詞；

? 5.數(shù)詞需要注意基數(shù)詞所對應(yīng)的相應(yīng)序數(shù)詞形式。

四、通讀全文，復(fù)核驗證

復(fù)讀短文，檢查單詞拼寫是否正確，注意時態(tài)、語態(tài)、主謂一致和固定搭配，還有首字母的大小寫。

根據(jù)語篇內(nèi)容，用方框中所給詞的正確形式填空，使短文通順、連貫，并將答案寫在相應(yīng)的位置上。方框中有兩個詞為多余項。

I　 make　 teach　 after　 large　 control

try　? leaf　? small　? quiet　? before　? without

As a child，I got angry quite easily and was not good at communicating with others.

I still remember it was an early autumn.Some 1.________ started to turn yellow and the weather became cool.One day，as I was getting ready for school，my mother carelessly handed me my father's vest(背心) instead of 2.________.At that time，I was getting to have a 3.________ size than my father，so when I put on the vest，I felt as if I wasn't able to breathe! I realized that it was a small mistake which 4.________ by my mother，but somehow the breathless feeling was so strong that it made me very angry.My mother said sorry with a smile，but I shouted at her 5.________ thinking much，I got it off my body so wildly that I made a hole in it.I put on my own vest and rushed out of the house 6.________ my mother could stop me.

Later，my mother shared her bad feelings with my father，“See what your son has done.” Instead of saying he would scold(責(zé)備) or beat me，my father 7.________ asked my mother to mend the vest.

Later when my mother told me about my father's response，I felt ashamed(慚愧的) of my bad behavior.My father's gentle kindness 8.________ me a lesson which I would never forget.

On that day，I decided not to let anger 9.________ me any longer.Of course，there are times when I am angry.However，whenever that happens，I 10.________ to remember my father's vest.It always reminds me to think about others' feelings when I get angry.

【主旨大意】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者之前容易生氣，在撕破一個背心后父親的表現(xiàn)讓作者意識到了自己的錯誤。文章旨在告訴我們：當(dāng)你生氣的時候，要學(xué)著去考慮別人的感受。

【詞匯分析】

I pron. 我→me(賓格)→my(形容詞性物主代詞)→mine(名詞性物主代詞)→myself(反身代詞)

make v. 制作；使→made(過去式/過去分詞)→making(動名詞/現(xiàn)在分詞)→to make(動詞不定式)

teach v. 教→taught(過去式/過去分詞)→teaching(動名詞/現(xiàn)在分詞)→to teach(動詞不定式)

after conj. 在……之后

large adj. 大的→larger(比較級)→largest(最高級)

control v. 控制→controlled(過去式/過去分詞)→controlling(動名詞/現(xiàn)在分詞)→to control(動詞不定式)

try v．嘗試→tried(過去式/過去分詞)→trying(動名詞/現(xiàn)在分詞)→to try(動詞不定式)

leaf n. 樹葉→leaves(復(fù)數(shù))

small adj.小的→smaller(比較級)→smallest(最高級)

quiet adj.安靜的→quieter(比較級)→quietest(最高級)

before conj. 在……之前

without prep. 沒有→with(反義詞)

【答案詳解】

1．leaves　【解析】根據(jù)句意：我依然記得那是一個早秋。一些________開始變黃，并且天氣開始變涼爽了。季節(jié)為秋天，樹葉開始變黃了，結(jié)合所給詞可知leaf符合語境。由空格前的“some”可知空格處用名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故填leaves。

2．mine　【解析】根據(jù)句意：一天，當(dāng)我準(zhǔn)備去學(xué)校的時候，我媽媽粗心地把我爸爸的背心而不是________遞到我手里。由語境可知，媽媽把我的背心拿錯了。結(jié)合所給詞可知I符合語境，此處用代詞I的名詞性物主代詞形式，mine相當(dāng)于my vest。

3．larger　【解析】根據(jù)句意：那時候，我穿的比我爸爸的尺碼________，所以當(dāng)我穿上背心的時候，我感覺我好像不能呼吸了。由語境可知“我感覺自己不能呼吸”，可知“我比爸爸穿的尺碼大”，結(jié)合所給詞可知large符合語境，由句中的“than”可知應(yīng)用large的比較級。故填larger。

4．was made　【解析】根據(jù)句意：我意識到這是一個由我媽媽制造的小錯誤，但是無論怎樣這種呼吸困難的感覺是如此強(qiáng)烈以至于使我非常生氣。本句包含一個which引導(dǎo)的定語從句，which在定語從句中作主語，指代a small mistake，由空格后的by可知此處是被動語態(tài)，句子的時態(tài)為一般過去時。故填was made。

5．without　【解析】根據(jù)句意：我媽媽帶著微笑對我說抱歉，但是我________再三考慮就對她大喊。由語境可知此處表示“我沒有考慮就對媽媽大吼”，空格后為動詞thinking，故空格前用介詞without符合句意和語法。

6．before　【解析】根據(jù)句意：在我媽媽能夠阻止我________，我穿上自己的背心就沖出了房子。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知空格處缺少一個連詞，結(jié)合語境可知此處表示“在媽媽阻止我之前，我就沖出家門了”。故填before。

7．quietly　【解析】根據(jù)句意：他不是責(zé)備或者打我，我爸爸________讓我媽媽把那個背心修補(bǔ)好。分析句子成分可知，空格處缺少一個修飾動詞asked的副詞，結(jié)合所給詞和句意可知quiet的副詞形式符合句意和語法。

8．taught　【解析】根據(jù)句意：我爸爸溫柔的善良________我一個終生難忘的教訓(xùn)。句中包含一個固定搭配“teach sb.a lesson，給某人一個教訓(xùn)”。句子的時態(tài)為一般過去時，故填taught。

9．control　【解析】根據(jù)句意：在那天，我決定不再讓生氣________我。根據(jù)語境可知此處表示“我決定不讓生氣控制我”，句中包含固定搭配“l(fā)et sth.do”，故填control。

10．will try　【解析】根據(jù)句意：然而，無論什么時候(我生氣的時候)，我________記著我爸爸的背心。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知空格處缺少謂語動詞，由句中的“whenever”可知空格處謂語動詞用將來時，句中包含固定搭配“try to do sth.”。故填will try。

Passage 1

so　 we　 who　 teach　 bright　 　different

he? eye　? show　? heart　? complete　? understand

Few people today educate the children about the value of empathy(同情；同感)．Most people feel so hard 1.to_show their love and care towards others and to actually understand what they are going through.

When I was a child，I 2.was_taught to go out of my way to make someone else happy.My mom would tell me to say at least one kind word to someone else every day.I admit that it wasn't very easy to do.But as soon as you see the look of thanks in that person's 3.eyes，you just want to do as much as you can.

I had an experience with a young man 4.who/whom people were always making fun of.Every time I saw that happening，I knew in my heart that it was wrong.I decided I would try to be his friend.I started walking with him and introducing him to people around 5.us.I was making him happy by just doing that.And I loved the fact that I was really making a 6.difference in his life.

After a while，I realized that he wasn't the kind of person everybody thought he was.We are still really good friends today.People have almost 7.completely stopped making fun of him.But he is still what he was.What had changed was the attitudes of others towards him.

From this experience I 8.have_understood that I should be more loving towards other people already.What I did for my friend was so easy，and at the same time I had a lot of fun，9.so I hope that everyone could say a kind word to someone else at least once a day.I can promise it will be the best feeling you can ever get.

One kind word could make someone's day 10.brighter. Why not do it from now on?

Passage 2

I　　that　 thing　　stand　　anger　　serious

who? find　? near　? support　? danger　? everywhere

For a long time，I saw happiness as a huge banner across the finish line of a long race.I felt that only when I completed certain 1.things could I finally be happy in my life.Most of the time I felt like a tortoise.I believed that being slow and strong-minded would win the race.At other times I would act like a rabbit.I tried different roads at a 2.dangerous speed，hoping to reach that banner a little faster.Gradually，I began to see that no matter how long I raced towards it，the banner never got any 3.nearer. I finally decided one day to sit down and take a rest.It was then that I saw my happiness sitting beside 4.me．

It had been with me as I worked hard 5.to_support my family，as I played with my children and I heard their laughter and even when I was 6.seriously ill with my wife at my side looking after me.It had been with me as I raced towards that stupid banner.I just didn't have the ability to see it.

There is an old saying 7.that goes，“Tension is who you think you should be.Relaxation is who you are.” Perhaps we all should stop our race towards the perfect life we think we should have.We should enjoy the life we have now.Happiness will never 8.be_found under some banner far away.You will find it in your own heart，soul and mind.You will find it when you realize that others love you just as you do.

Don't be a tortoise or a rabbit when it comes to your happiness.Be a playful little dog and carry your stick of joy with you 9.everywhere you go.Take yourself out of the race and realize that when it comes to love and happiness，you 10.have_stood there already.Happiness is just around the corner.

Passage 3

one　fill　quick　write　except　interest

you　late　come　story　unless　young

Just look at how much young writers like Han Han and Guo Jingming are loved，we may know writing has become a fashion among today's teenagers.

Gao Can，a 13-year-old girl，is the 1.youngest member of the Association of Writers of Shaanxi.She writes fairy tales，short 2.stories，and most of all，poems.Gao said she began poem writing when she was in primary school.Once the teacher asked the class 3.to_write a composition called “If I were...”．Gao had an idea，“Why not make it a poem？” That was her 4.first poem，and it won a lot of compliments from both her teacher and her classmates.So far，hundreds of her poems 5.have_come out.

“Writing poems is not difficult at all.Just express 6.yourself/yourselves — what you do，what you see or what you think.” said Gao，“I don't have enough life experience，so I write about nature，about things I feel inside.”

However，teenagers these days seldom write poems or read them because exams want any kind of articles 7.except poems.

But like Gao，there are still students who like poems.Hu Jingzhi is one of them.The 14-year-old boy said he was 8.interested in poem writing.But it was annoying that he couldn't find many poem collections in nearby bookshops.

Gao agreed with Hu.She said today's bookshops 9.were_filled with books on “how to give a successful speech”，“how to know what others think” or “how to make money 10.quickly ”．

“Poems won't teach you how to make money，but the beautiful words clear your mind and activate your imagination.” said Gao，“At least read poems—for the nice things in life.”

Passage 1

always　talk　count　I　below　friend

or　people　send　free　around　and

Next time you're in a public place，take a look around you.And 1.count how many people are using their phones.I can tell you now that it is probably more than half，whether you're on a bus，in a café 2.or simply walking down the street.

I'm not saying that I am not an example of this，but it 3.always amazes(使驚愕) me how people can spend so much time on their phones without 4.talking to others.Has it gone too far?

Recently，my smart phone broke and had to be 5.sent off for repair for a week or so.I had to use a really old，basic phone just to keep me in touch with my family and 6.friends．All I could do on this phone was to send text messages，make calls and play one game.And I loved it.I loved being 7.free from the Internet，and I really didn't mind not having updates(更新) about what my friends were doing.It allowed 8.me to spend more time enjoying my time in London and watching the people 9.around me and really see what was going on.

However，I knew that as soon as I got my smart phone back I would be one of those 10.people once again.Perhaps I should just go back to using the basic phone and forget I ever got my smart phone back.

Passage 2

around　beauty　color　disappear　down

go　hold　I　keep　luck　paint　work

A boy thought that he was the most unhappy person in the world.In his opinion，he was 1.unlucky because almost everything bad always happened to him.So he wanted to find the secret to happiness.He walked a long way and finally came to a 2.beautiful palace.There，he met the king.

After learning why the boy had come，the king suggested that he should look around the palace and come back in two hours.“At the same time，I want you 3.to_hold this spoon with milk，” said the king.“As you walk around my palace，carry this spoon without spilling(溢出) the milk.”

The boy 4.kept his eyes fixed on the spoon and began to walk around the golden palace.After two hours，he came back to the king.“Well，” asked the king.“Did you see the wonderful 5.paintings_ in my dining hall？Did you see the 6.colorful flowers in the garden？” The boy felt sorry because he saw nothing.He only paid attention to the milk.

“Then go back and see the beauty of 7.my world，”said the king.This time the boy saw all of the 8.works of art on the walls.He saw the great gardens and mountains all around.When he came back，he described everything he saw.

“But where is the milk？”asked the king.Looking 9.down at the spoon he held，the boy saw the milk was 10.gone．“Well，there is only one piece of advice I can give you，” said the king.“The secret to happiness is to see all the beauty of the world and also keep an eye on the milk on the spoon.”

Passage 3

he　because　start　really　for　idea　by

language　since　popular　care　mean

“If you agree with me，please Dianzan.”Do you know Dianzan is one of the most 1.popular words on the Internet？When you think someone's 2.ideas are right，when you think someone's articles are wonderful，or when you are moved by what someone writes，you can click (點(diǎn)擊)the praise sign.Anyhow，clicking the praise sign 3.means that you agree with someone or praise someone.

Dianzan is a kind of Chinese Internet 4.language．People usually use it when they surf the Internet.There is a function (功能) of Dianzan in the QQ space.The QQ space has had the function 5.since it appeared in 2010.It didn't become very popular until Sina blog (新浪博客) 6.started the function of Dianzan.In recent years，it has become more and more popular.When the 2015 New Year came，Chinese leader Xi Jinping used the word Dianzan to praise and express 7.his thanks to the great Chinese people.

Websites can know how many people support some ideas 8.by counting how many people click the praise sign.Experts can know what teenagers are 9.caring about through what they click the sign for.That can help them solve teenagers' problems.

Clicking the praise sign is 10.really an easy thing.Have you ever clicked the sign for anybody on the Internet?

Passage 4

money　cover　time　similar　hand　I

hope　by　because　situation　such　when

A group of Canadian kids are spreading a bit of Christmas spirit in Halifax，Nova Scotia. They 1.covered warm clothes around light poles (燈桿) for the city's homeless people to pick up and use.It was 2.such an unusual sight that locals stopped to take pictures to share on social media(媒體)．

The kids spent time 3.handing out coats to the homeless and tied the rest around light poles for others to pick up.Each of the clothes had a tag that read，“I am not lost.If you are caught in the cold，please take 4.me to keep warm.” According to Tara，a mother of a kid，the experience helped the children better understand the difficult 5.situation of homeless people.

6．By next morning，all the jackets，gloves，and scarves on the poles were gone.Photos of the inspiring project have been shared about 8，000 7.times on Facebook，and have got over 10，000 likes.Tara，who did something 8.similar in Toronto in December last year，says she's planning next year's coat drive.She 9.hopes that the meaningful thing can spread around the world.She also wants to add $5 fast food gift card so that the homeless people can also enjoy a hot meal.

“We've got help from others 10.when we were in need，and we knew how great it made us feel，” said Zackary Atkins，Tara's husband.

Passage 5

catch　kind　go　be　harmful　without

whenever　pride　see　surprise　however　good

Kara had never liked spiders(蜘蛛).1.Whenever she saw a spider in the house，she quickly stepped on it.

One day，she learned about food chains at school.Kara's teacher said that most spiders are not2.harmful to humans.They have important jobs to do outdoors.Spiders eat many 3.kinds of insects.They really help to protect plants from 4.being destroyed(破壞)．“When you see a spider in your house，” said Kara's teacher，“you can scoop it into a plastic container (容器) instead of killing it.5.Without touching the spider，close the lid (蓋子)．Then，let the spider itself 6.go outside.”

That night，Kara 7.saw a spider inside the house near the front door.At first，she wanted to step on it.But then she remembered what her teacher had said.She ran into the kitchen and asked her mom to help her 8.catch the spider in a plastic container.To their great 9.surprise，the spider walked right into the container! Kara and her mom took the container outside.They opened the lid，and the spider walked out.

As the spider walked away，Kara felt10.proud．“We saved that spider's life.And we helped a food chain，” she said，smiling.

Passage 6

　children　discourage　under　kiss　upset

shout　look　beg　bring　something　in　 take

A long time ago，a man punished his 3-year-old daughter for wasting a roll of gold wrapping (包著的) paper. Money was tight and he became very angry when the child tried to decorate (裝飾的) a box to put 1.under the Christmas tree.

However，the little girl 2.brought the gift to her father the next morning and said，“This is for you，Daddy.” The father was 3.discouraged by his earlier overreaction(過激的), but his anger rose again when he found out the box was empty.He 4.shouted at her.“Don't you know，when you give someone a present，there should be 5.something inside？”

The little girl 6.looked up at him，tears filled in her eyes，and cried，“Oh，Daddy，it's not empty at all.I blew 7.kisses into the box.They are all for you，Daddy.” The father was shocked.He put his arms around his little girl，and he 8.begged for her forgiveness.

Only a short time later，an accident took the life of the child.Her father kept that gold box by his bed for many years，and whenever he was 9.upset，he would take out an imaginary kiss and remember the love of his 10.child who had put it there.

Passage 7

play　polite　you　surprise　with　work

even　step　action　loud　much　they

David received a parrot for his birthday.The parrot had a poor vocabulary，and many were not 1.polite．David tried hard to change the bird's words and was often saying polite words，2.playing soft music，trying anything he could think of to set a good example，but nothing 3.worked.He shouted at the bird and the bird just got angry and became 4.even less polite.Finally，without any hope，David put the parrot in the fridge.For a few moments he heard the bird kick and cry 5.loudly in it.Then suddenly it was quiet—not a sound for half a minute.David was frightened that he might have hurt the bird and quickly opened the fridge door.The parrot quietly 6.stepped out onto David's arm and said，“I believe that I may have made you angry 7.with me about my impolite language and 8.actions．I will try my best at once to be polite.I am really sorry and beg 9.your pardon.”

David was surprised at the bird's change，and he was just to ask what had made such a 10.surprising change when the parrot went on saying，“May I ask what the chicken in the fridge did？”

Passage 8

airport　I　wife　meet　sweet　and

with　decide　Africa　help　so　want

Here was an interesting story about learning English.George was head of an1.African country.He was going to pay a visit to the USA.He2.decided to learn some English words so that he might greet Obama，president of the USA，in English.So he asked his wife for3.help because she knew a little English.His4.wife told him，“When you 5.meet Mr.President，just greet him with ‘How are you？’，and he may answer ‘I am fine'.Then you need only to say ‘6.Me，too’，and leave the rest to your interpreter(口譯員)．”

When his plane landed at the 7.airport，George was a little nervous，he said to the smiling Obama，“Who are

you？” This was quite unexpected to the president and surprised him greatly.But he quickly calmed(冷靜)down.Still 8.with a smile on his face，he answered，“I am Michelle Obama's husband.” To his reply, George answered back without a moment “Me，too”，9.and looked at the president's wife，Michelle，smiling 10.sweetly as well.

Passage 9

someone　fall　be　why　real　however

on　between　satisfy　surprise　in　what

Lian Ruohan，13，from Beijing

I once had a friend named Jenny.One day，we had a math exam.It was 1.really difficult.When the exam ended，all of us felt like we had not passed.The next day，the exam results came out.Surprisingly，I got an A，but she got a D．She thought that I had copied 2.someone's paper.I was really angry，and I ended my friendship with her.

Cui Rongji，14，from Shandong

I had a good friend who was the president(社長) of the reading club at our school.I was a member of the club.But my friend didn't do her job very well，and my teacher was not 3.satisfied．Later，she left the club，and I became the president.She felt it was unfair.She didn't talk to me and even spoke badly about me behind my back.I didn't understand 4.why she felt like that，and then our friendship ended.

Cui Anqi，14，from Guangdong

Two years ago，I had a good friend.She was kind and cheerful(開朗的)．We always played happily together.But one day，I was walking upstairs in front of her.She followed right behind me，and she held my waist(腰)．Suddenly，I wanted to play a joke on her.I leaned(倚靠) on her hands gently.But to my 5.surprise，she took her hands away at once and said，“Are you 6.falling down？” I was so disappointed(失望的) with her，and our friendship came to an end.

Zhao Jiacheng，14，from Shaanxi

I made a friend one year ago.Last summer vacation，we went 7.on a journey.I found he was a little selfish.He didn't notice a beggar(乞丐) by the side of the road，and he kicked over the money people gave away.8.However，he didn't plan to apologise to him.I thought he never cared about others.So I wanted to break off the friendship 9.between us.But we talked with each other about this problem.After that，I realize that everyone has his or her own merits(優(yōu)點(diǎn)) and defects(缺點(diǎn))．We must treat them properly.So we 10.are still friends today.